金融资产终止确认会计准则研究

初始确认与终止确认研究的非对称性,导致了IASB与FASB在金融危机之前发布的金融资产终止确认会计准则质量低下,不能有效地约束资产转移方选择合理的会计政策,诱使发起人弱化证券化基础资产的风险管理意识。IASB与FASB现阶段正在改进的金融资产终止确认准则,虽然立足于资产定义,却错误地解释了获取未来经济利益的方式,可能导致不合理的会计处理。改进现行金融资产终止确认会计准则,建议基于正确解读资产定义,从完善概念框架与公允价值计量等层面入手。     

我国民事立法中物权行为存立考证

对我国《民法通则》、《合同法》中有争议的条文,从逻辑结构、立法体系、文意解释等方面进行论述,可表明其中并不承认物权行为理论。就《物权法》中的相关条文,可厘清债权形式主义区分原则与物权形式主义区分原则的区别。就建设用地使用权的设立过程进行详尽分析,可证明我国立法中并不承认物权行为理论。     

现代企业性质及其合约安排机制分析

自从科斯提出企业的合约命题和交易成本概念以来,以交易成本为基础的合约企业理论基本能够解释涉及企业发展的企业范围或企业边界的决定问题。但是,在试图回答企业产生的原因方面,该理论以及相关的文献并没有得出令人信服的结论。本文从互补性要素系统的视角切入,运用互补性原理揭示了企业产生的根本原因,以及企业产生的合约解释。同时,在合约企业的框架内,分析说明了现实企业中存在的本质上完全不同的两类合约。     

亚太新双边主义兴起的原因研究——一个政治经济学的分析视角

亚太地区双边贸易协定的兴起与演进形成当代亚太区域经济合作发展的新阶段,其意义和影响日益受到国际社会的普遍关注。本文以政治经济学方法为分析工具,对亚太地区双边主义兴起的动因进行剖析和评价,指出亚太地区双边主义的形成是亚太地区各经济体在当前国际政治经济环境约束下,选择最大化自身利益的贸易政策的必然结果。中国应积极参与建立双边自由贸易区;发挥先发优势,谋求以我为主的区域经济一体化进程;协调国家战略与地区战略,平衡经济利益和政治利益。     

Dynamic lobbying: Evidence from foreign lobbying in the U.S. Congress

How do interest groups decide which member of Congress to target when decisions are made collectively? Do lobbying strategies change as legislation advances? Answering these questions is challenging due to a lack of systematic observations of lobbying contacts. I answer these questions using a novel data set constructed from reports submitted by lobbyists on behalf of South Korea regarding its free trade agreement with the United States for 10 years. I show that a diverse set of politicians are contacted but the timing, intensity, and strategy of lobbying contacts vary by politicians' institutional positions as well as their predisposed preferences for free trade.     

归零Turbo码参数的盲识别

针对归零Turbo码码率、码组起点、交织起点、交织长度参数识别问题，首先引入矩阵秩量比的概念，推导出适用于归零Turbo码矩阵秩量比下限，提出了基于秩量比判决门限的码长识别算法；其次，遍历一交织帧输出码元，找出最小秩量比对应的位置，实现交织起点和码组起点的识别；然后，依靠完整的交织帧输出数据，利用分析矩阵实现码率与分量编码器中寄存器个数识别；最后，由以上识别的参数计算出交织长度。仿真结果表明：在信噪比为5 dB时，单靠信息序列，各部分的识别概率能达到80%以上；在交织长度为100时，提出的识别算法与传统算法相比，性能相近，识别时间大约缩短为原来的1/3。     

INTRAINDUSTRY SPECIALIZATION AND THE UNITED STATES–CENTRAL AMERICA–DOMINICAN REPUBLIC FREE TRADE AGREEMENT

This paper examines changes in intraindustry specialization indicators over the 1992–2004 period to assess the potential for structural adjustment problems that may arise in the United States with growth in trade resulting from the United States–Central America–Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA‐DR) between the United States and six Central American countries—Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and the Dominican Republic. CAFTA‐DR will expand market access for US exporters. Few US industries are likely to encounter structural adjustment problems. Given the relatively large size of the US economy, and the small number of industries that face potential adjustment pressures, the United States should have liberalized all trade immediately. When potential adjustment pressures are indicated, long tariff phaseouts, complex rules of origin, and import safeguards are used to delay factor adjustments in import‐sensitive industries.     

Do banks fuel climate change?

Do climate-oriented regulatory policies affect the flow of credit towards polluting firms? We match loan-level data to firm-level greenhouse gas emissions to assess the impact of the Paris Agreement. We find that, following this agreement, European banks reallocated credit away from polluting firms in relative terms. Specifically, euro area banks’ loan share to more polluting firms decreased by about 3percentage points compared to less polluting (or “green”) firms after the 2015 Paris Agreement (COP21). This result is stronger for banks that are well capitalized, have lower credit quality, and are less profitable.     

International environmental agreements under different evolutionary imitation mechanisms

This paper explores how the formation and stability of international environmental agreements vary with two often adopted mechanisms: imitating-the-best-average and imitating-the-best-total rules. We first show that the possible long-run equilibria of two dynamics are the same. They are countries' full participation, no-participation, and the two equilibria combined. However, the occurring conditions of these equilibria under two dynamics may differ. Then, we prove that countries' full participation is more likely to be long-run equilibrium in international environmental agreements when imitating-the-best-average rule is adopted. Moreover, all findings of this study hold whatever the function forms of countries' abnoatement benefits and costs are, and are unaffected by the positive affine transformation of countries' total payoffs.     

The economic and trade effects of the UK–Korea free trade agreement on the United Kingdom,Korea, Japan,China, and the European Union

We explored a comparative static computable general equilibrium model with six regions and 12 sectors to estimate the impacts of the recent UK–Korea free trade agreement (FTA) along with the European Union (EU)–Korea FTA. The empirical results provide quantitative evidence of the impact on national GDP, national exports and imports by sector, and the changes in exports or imports among the United Kingdom, Korea, Japan, China, and the EU. The UK–Korea FTA, along with the EU–Korea FTA, increases GDP and welfare for the United Kingdom and Korea; moreover, there is a large increase in automobiles, transport equipment, and machinery exports between Korea and the United Kingdom. The GDP and welfare level of non-member countries such as Japan and China will slightly decline. Exports from the United Kingdom and Korea to non-member countries are also expected to decrease in most manufacturing sectors. The UK–Korea FTA will lead to increases in imports between the United Kingdom and Korea due to mutual trade creation effects and trade diversion effects. However, non-member countries such as Japan's exports are expected to experience a large decline in automobiles to the United Kingdom and in most manufacturing products to Korea due to the negative impact of the UK–Korea FTA.